Glossary index

Technology, science and the universe

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Physical and Earth sciences

Jellybean

Gummy candy is a type of confection characterized by its soft and chewy texture, featuring a soft center surrounded by a firm outer shell. This sweet treat is primarily made from sugar, gelatin, and…

Physical and Earth sciences

Jet Stream

The jet stream is a fast and narrow air current found in the atmosphere, typically at altitudes between 8 and 15 kilometers. These currents are fundamental in meteorology as they influence the…

Physical and Earth sciences

Joule

Joule is a unit of energy in the International System of Units (SI), defined as the work done when a force of one newton is applied over a distance of one meter. This unit is fundamental in physics…

Physical and Earth sciences

Joule's Experiment

The Joule Experiment, conducted by British physicist James Prescott Joule in the 19th century, is a fundamental milestone in the history of thermodynamics. This experiment conclusively demonstrated…

Physical and Earth sciences

Joule's Law

Joule's Law, in the context of electrical engineering, refers to the principle that the energy dissipated in a conductor is proportional to the square of the current flowing through it and the time…

Physical and Earth sciences

Joule's Law of Heating

Joule's Heating Law states that the heat generated in an electrical conductor is proportional to the square of the current flowing through it, multiplied by the resistance of the conductor. This…

Physical and Earth sciences

Joule-Thomson Effect

The Joule-Thomson effect describes the change in temperature of a real gas when it is allowed to expand freely, that is, without performing external work. This phenomenon occurs due to the…

Physical and Earth sciences

Joule-Thomson Graph

The Joule-Thomson graph is a graphical representation that illustrates the Joule-Thomson effect in thermodynamics, which describes the temperature change of a gas when it expands through a valve or a…

Physical and Earth sciences

Joule Balance

The Joule balance is a precision instrument designed to measure the Planck constant, which in turn allows for the definition of the kilogram in terms of fundamental units of physics. This device is…

Physical and Earth sciences

Joule Effect

The Joule effect refers to the heating phenomenon that occurs when an electric current flows through a conductor. This effect results from the electrical resistance of the material, which converts…

Physical and Earth sciences

Joule Heating

Joule heating is the process by which the flow of electric current through a conductor produces heat. This phenomenon is based on the conversion of electrical energy into thermal energy, which occurs…

Physical and Earth sciences

Juice

In computing, 'juice' refers to the energy or power available for a system, particularly in embedded systems. This term is used to describe the processing capacity and resources that a system can…

Physical and Earth sciences

Juicing

Juicing is the process of extracting juice from fruits or vegetables, which has become a common practice in modern food consumption. This method not only allows for the extraction of nutritious and…

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