Description: Requirements analysis is the process of gathering and defining what stakeholders need from a project. This process is fundamental in project management as it establishes the foundation upon which the product or service will be developed. It involves identifying user expectations and needs, as well as documenting these in a clear and understandable format. Through techniques such as interviews, surveys, and workshops, requirements analysts work to obtain a comprehensive view of what is expected from the project. This process not only helps to avoid misunderstandings and costly errors but also facilitates communication among different stakeholders, including developers, managers, and end-users. In the context of various methodologies, requirements analysis can be performed iteratively, allowing for adjustments and continuous improvements as the project progresses. Flexibility and adaptability are key characteristics in this approach, enabling teams to respond quickly to changes in customer or market needs. In summary, requirements analysis is an essential component that ensures the final outcome meets the expectations and needs of all involved.
History: Requirements analysis has its roots in software engineering from the 1960s and 1970s when formal software development processes began to be established. Over time, the importance of understanding customer needs before starting development was recognized. In the 1990s, with the advent of agile methodologies, the focus on requirements analysis became more flexible and collaborative, allowing for better adaptation to changes during the project lifecycle.
Uses: Requirements analysis is used in various fields, including software development, project management, and systems engineering. Its main application is to ensure that the final product meets customer expectations and business requirements. It is also used to identify potential risks and establish clear acceptance criteria.
Examples: A practical example of requirements analysis is the development of a software application. Before starting development, the team conducts interviews with potential users to understand their needs and expectations. Based on this information, a requirements document is created to guide the development process. Another example is in the implementation of a complex information system, where workshops are held with different departments to gather their specific needs.
