Description: Biodiesel is a renewable fuel made from vegetable oils or animal fats, primarily used in diesel engines. This biofuel is produced through a chemical process called transesterification, where the triglycerides present in oils or fats are converted into methyl or ethyl esters. Biodiesel is biodegradable and non-toxic, making it a more sustainable alternative compared to fossil fuels. Its use contributes to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, as being produced from renewable sources, its life cycle emits less carbon compared to conventional diesel. Additionally, biodiesel can be used in its pure form (B100) or blended with conventional diesel in various proportions, making it versatile for implementation in existing vehicles without significant modifications. The growing concern about climate change and the search for cleaner energy sources have driven interest in biodiesel as part of a broader sustainability and energy transition strategy.
History: Biodiesel has its roots in the 19th century when French inventor Pierre Eugène Marcellin Berthelot experimented with vegetable oils as fuel. However, it was in the 1970s that biodiesel began to gain attention as a viable alternative to conventional diesel, especially during the oil crisis. In 1991, biodiesel was officially recognized in Germany, where the first regulations for its production and use were established. Since then, its popularity has grown worldwide, driven by the need for more sustainable energy sources and the reduction of dependence on fossil fuels.
Uses: Biodiesel is primarily used as fuel for diesel vehicles, but it also has applications in electricity generation and heating. Additionally, it can be used in agricultural machinery and in the transportation industry. Its ability to blend with conventional diesel allows users to make gradual transitions to more sustainable fuels without needing to change their engines.
Examples: A practical example of biodiesel use is the fleet of buses in some German cities that operate on biodiesel blends to reduce their carbon footprint. Another case is that of farmers in the United States who use biodiesel produced from recycled cooking oils to fuel their tractors, thus contributing to the circular economy.
