Description: A branch instruction is an instruction that causes the program to jump to a different location in the code. In computer architecture, these instructions are fundamental for controlling the execution flow of programs. They allow the processor to change its execution sequence, which is essential for implementing control structures such as loops and conditionals. Branch instructions can be absolute, where an exact address to jump to is specified, or relative, where the jump is calculated based on the current program counter position. This flexibility is crucial for efficient programming and performance optimization. In the context of operating modes, such as different privilege levels, branch instructions also play an important role in access control and transitioning between different levels of access to hardware. In summary, branch instructions are an integral part of modern computer architecture, enabling dynamic execution and program flow control.
