Description: The electronic signature is a digital representation of a handwritten signature used to authenticate and validate electronic documents. Unlike a traditional signature, which is placed on paper, the electronic signature allows users to sign documents quickly and securely in digital environments. This technology is based on cryptographic algorithms that ensure the integrity of the document and the identity of the signer, thus providing a level of security and trust in electronic transactions. Electronic signatures can vary in complexity, from simple scanned images of signatures to sophisticated digital signatures that use digital certificates issued by certification authorities. Their use has become essential in an increasingly digital world, where speed and efficiency are crucial. Furthermore, electronic signatures are legally recognized in many countries, making them valid tools for formalizing contracts and agreements, thus facilitating online business and document management in various environments.
History: The electronic signature has its roots in the 1970s when the first methods of cryptography were developed to secure digital communication. In 1996, the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act (ESIGN) in the United States and the European Union Directive on electronic signatures in 1999 established a legal framework for their use. These events were crucial for the acceptance and adoption of electronic signatures in commercial transactions.
Uses: Electronic signatures are used in a variety of contexts, including signing contracts, non-disclosure agreements, legal forms, and financial documents. They are also common in sectors such as government for submitting declarations and applications, as well as in healthcare for authorizing treatments and managing medical records.
Examples: A practical example of electronic signature is the use of platforms that allow users to securely sign documents online. Another case is the signing of electronic tax returns, where taxpayers can digitally sign their forms without the need to print them.
