Description: An exoskeleton is an external structure that provides support and protection to an organism, enhancing its strength and mobility. In the context of robotics and biology, exoskeletons can be both natural, like those of certain insects and crustaceans, and artificial, designed to assist humans in various tasks. These wearable devices are designed to fit the human body, allowing users to perform activities that would otherwise be difficult or impossible. Robotic exoskeletons, for example, use motors and sensors to amplify the user’s movement, facilitating rehabilitation for individuals with disabilities or injuries. Additionally, in the industrial sector, they are used to reduce physical strain on workers, improving efficiency and reducing the risk of injury. The combination of advanced technology and ergonomic design makes exoskeletons a valuable tool across multiple sectors, from medicine to manufacturing, highlighting their relevance in the evolution of human-machine interaction.
History: The concept of exoskeletons dates back to biology, where they are observed in organisms like insects and crustaceans. However, the development of artificial exoskeletons began in the 1960s when NASA engineer Ralph Mosher designed a suit called ‘Hardiman’ to help workers lift heavy loads. Over the decades, technology has evolved, and in the 2000s, companies like Ekso Bionics and ReWalk Robotics began marketing exoskeletons for rehabilitation and assistance to individuals with reduced mobility.
Uses: Exoskeletons have various applications, including rehabilitation for patients with spinal injuries, assistance for the elderly or disabled individuals, and support for workers in industrial environments. In medicine, they are used to help patients regain mobility and muscle strength. In industry, they allow workers to lift and transport heavy loads without the risk of injury.
Examples: Examples of exoskeletons include the ‘ReWalk’, which allows individuals with paralysis to walk again, and the ‘EksoGT’, used in physical rehabilitation. In the industrial sector, the ‘Parker’ exoskeleton helps workers lift heavy loads in factories and warehouses.
