Description: A heterodimer is a protein complex formed by two different polypeptide chains. These chains can be from different types of proteins, allowing them to interact specifically and perform crucial biological functions. The formation of heterodimers is fundamental in many cellular processes, as it enables the creation of more complex and functional structures than could be achieved with individual proteins. Heterodimers can be composed of subunits derived from different genes, contributing to the functional diversity of proteins in organisms. This diversity is essential for the regulation of various biological activities, such as cell signaling, immune response, and cell cycle regulation. Additionally, heterodimers can influence the stability and activity of proteins, affecting their localization and interaction with other molecules. In summary, heterodimers are key components in molecular biology, as their formation and function are essential for the proper functioning of cells and, consequently, of organisms as a whole.
