Description: The Galápagos iguana is a native species of the Galápagos Islands, known for its unique adaptations that allow it to survive in an insular environment. This reptile can reach up to 1.5 meters in length and is distinguished by its dark, scaly skin, as well as its ability to swim, which is unusual among iguanas. Unlike other iguana species that are primarily terrestrial, the Galápagos iguana is semi-aquatic and feeds on marine algae, making it a fascinating example of evolutionary adaptation. Its diet and behavior have led it to develop characteristics such as a more hydrodynamic body and strong limbs that allow it to move agilely both on land and in water. Additionally, its ability to regulate body temperature by basking in the sun or immersing itself in cold water is crucial for its survival in the islands’ variable climate. This reptile is not only a symbol of Galápagos biodiversity but also plays an important role in the local ecosystem, contributing to the health of both marine and terrestrial habitats. The Galápagos iguana is a clear example of how evolution can lead to remarkable adaptations in response to specific environmental conditions.
History: The Galápagos iguana has existed for millions of years, evolving in isolation on the volcanic islands of the archipelago. Its history is intrinsically linked to Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution, as he observed these iguanas during his voyage on the HMS Beagle in 1835. These observations were fundamental to the development of his theory of natural selection.
