Description: Integer overflow occurs when an arithmetic operation attempts to create a numeric value that is too high to be represented within the range of the integer type. In programming languages, integer data types have a specific range that depends on their size in bits. For example, a 32-bit integer can represent values from -2,147,483,648 to 2,147,483,647. If an operation, such as addition, produces a result that exceeds this range, an overflow occurs. This phenomenon can lead to unexpected behaviors, such as the wrapping of the number, where the value restarts from the lower limit of the range, or even runtime errors in some systems. Integer overflow is a critical aspect to consider in programming, as it can lead to security vulnerabilities, logic errors, and incorrect results in calculations. Therefore, it is essential for programmers to be aware of the limits of the data types they use and implement appropriate checks to avoid this issue. In many programming languages, handling overflow can be tricky, as they do not automatically throw exceptions in these cases, requiring developers to implement their own data control and validation strategies.
