Description: A JDBC transaction (Java Database Connectivity) is a sequence of operations performed as a single logical unit of work. In the context of databases, a transaction ensures that a set of operations is executed completely and successfully, or in case of an error, that none of them is performed. This is fundamental to maintaining the integrity and consistency of the data. Transactions in JDBC are based on the ACID principle, which includes Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability. Atomicity ensures that all operations within the transaction are completed; if any fail, the entire process is rolled back. Consistency guarantees that the database transitions from one valid state to another. Isolation allows transactions to execute independently, preventing interference between them. Finally, durability ensures that once a transaction is completed, its effects are permanent, even in the event of system failures. Transactions are essential in critical applications, such as financial systems, where the accuracy and reliability of operations are paramount. In JDBC, transactions are managed through specific methods that allow starting, committing, or rolling back transactions, thus providing complete control over the flow of operations in the database.
