Kleptomania

Description: Kleptomania is a psychological disorder characterized by a recurrent urge to steal items that are not needed for personal use or monetary value. This behavior is distinct from other types of theft, as it is not motivated by economic necessity but by an uncontrollable compulsion. Individuals with kleptomania often feel increasing tension before committing the theft and experience a sense of gratification or relief after carrying it out. This disorder can lead to feelings of guilt and shame, which often complicate the individual’s emotional situation further. Kleptomania is classified under impulse control disorders and may coexist with other mental disorders, such as anxiety or depression. It is important to note that kleptomania is not merely a criminal behavior but a psychological condition that requires professional attention and treatment. Cognitive-behavioral therapy and, in some cases, medication are common approaches to help individuals manage their impulses and develop strategies to avoid stealing.

History: The term ‘kleptomania’ was coined in the 19th century, specifically in 1816, by the French physician Jean-Eugène Esquirol. Over the years, the understanding of the disorder has evolved, and it has been recognized that it is not merely a criminal behavior but a mental disorder that may be related to deeper emotional issues. In the 20th century, kleptomania began to be more studied and was included in psychiatric diagnostic manuals, such as the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders).

Uses: Kleptomania is used in the fields of psychology and psychiatry to identify and treat individuals exhibiting this disorder. Mental health professionals employ various therapeutic techniques to help patients understand and manage their impulses, as well as to address any underlying issues that may contribute to their behavior. Additionally, kleptomania is discussed in legal and criminological contexts, where the mental health of the individual is considered when evaluating their criminal behavior.

Examples: An example of kleptomania could be a person who steals items from a store, such as clothing or accessories, without needing them and without intending to sell them. Often, this person may feel intense anxiety before stealing and experience a sense of relief or euphoria afterward. Another case could be that of an individual who, despite having sufficient financial resources, feels compelled to steal small items from friends or family, leading to conflicts in their personal relationships.

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