Description: Lexical scope in programming refers to the region in the source code where a variable is defined and can be accessed. This concept is fundamental to understanding how programming languages handle variables and their visibility within different blocks of code. In many programming languages, lexical scope is determined by the location of variable declarations, meaning that variables defined within a function are not accessible outside of it unless specific keywords (such as ‘global’) are used. There are several types of scopes, including local scope, which refers to variables defined within a function, and global scope, which includes variables defined at the top level of the script. Additionally, many languages use a name resolution system that establishes the order in which variables are searched. Understanding lexical scope is crucial to avoid common errors, such as using undefined variables or confusing local and global variables, which can lead to unexpected behaviors in the code.
