Description: A microbial sensor is a device designed to detect and measure microbial activity in various environments, such as soils, waters, foods, and industrial settings. These sensors work by identifying metabolites, changes in electrical conductivity, or variations in light emitted by microorganisms. Their ability to provide real-time data makes them valuable tools in environmental monitoring and the food industry. Microbial sensors are an integral part of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, as they enable data collection and transmission through networks, facilitating informed decision-making and the implementation of corrective measures quickly and efficiently. Additionally, their design can range from portable devices to systems integrated into larger networks, allowing them to adapt to different applications and environments. The relevance of these sensors lies in their ability to contribute to food safety, water resource management, and public health by enabling continuous and accurate monitoring of microbial activity.