Description: Name mangling is a technique used in Python to make class attributes private by altering their names. This technique is based on the convention of adding an underscore at the beginning of the attribute name, indicating that it should not be accessed directly from outside the class. However, Python does not implement encapsulation strictly like other object-oriented programming languages, such as Java or C++. Instead, it uses a mechanism known as ‘name mangling’, which transforms the attribute name to make it less accessible. For example, an attribute defined as `__attribute` is internally converted to `_ClassName__attribute`, making accidental access from outside the class more difficult. This technique is particularly useful for protecting sensitive data and maintaining the integrity of the object’s state, allowing developers to control how information is accessed and modified. Name mangling encourages better programming practices by promoting encapsulation and separation of concerns, resulting in cleaner and more maintainable code.