Description: Non-volatile logic refers to logic circuits that retain their state even when power is removed. Unlike volatile logic, which requires a constant power source to maintain its information, non-volatile logic uses technologies that allow for permanent data storage. This means that when a device is powered off, the information stored in non-volatile logic is not lost, making it especially useful in applications where data persistence is crucial. Key characteristics of non-volatile logic include its ability to preserve circuit states, resistance to data loss, and energy efficiency, as it does not require continuous power to maintain information. This technology is fundamental in the design of modern digital systems, where reliability and efficiency are essential. Non-volatile logic is implemented in various forms, such as flash memory, which is widely used in storage devices, and in integrated circuits that allow for the programming and reprogramming of logic functions without the need for constant power. Its relevance in electronics and computing continues to grow, driven by the demand for smarter and more efficient devices.