Description: A one-time password (OTP) is a numeric code that is valid only for a specific transaction or session. This type of authentication is used as an additional security measure in the identity verification process, forming part of multifactor authentication. Unlike a traditional PIN, which can be reused, the one-time PIN is generated randomly and has a temporary validity, making it less susceptible to phishing or interception attacks. It is typically sent to the user through a secure channel, such as a text message, email, or authentication app, and must be entered within a short time frame to complete the desired action. This characteristic of temporality and uniqueness provides an extra layer of security, as even if an attacker manages to obtain the code, they will not be able to use it again once it has expired or been used. In a world where cyber threats are becoming increasingly sophisticated, the use of one-time passwords has become essential for protecting sensitive accounts and data.
History: The concept of one-time passwords began to gain popularity in the 1980s when two-factor authentication systems were introduced. However, it was in the 1990s that they were more widely implemented in various applications, driven by the need to enhance security in online transactions. With the rise of the Internet and the increase in cyber fraud, the use of OTP became a standard practice in multifactor authentication.
Uses: One-time passwords are primarily used in online services, where users must enter an OTP to confirm transactions or access their accounts. They are also employed in various applications, identity and access management systems, as well as in email services and social networks to protect accounts from unauthorized access.
Examples: A practical example of a one-time password is when a user attempts to log into their online account and receives a code via SMS that must be entered to complete the login. Another example is when making an online purchase, where an OTP is sent to the user’s email to confirm the transaction.
