Description: Robotic surgery is a type of surgical intervention that uses robotic systems to assist surgeons in performing surgical procedures. This approach combines the precision of robotic technology with human skill, allowing doctors to perform operations with greater accuracy and less invasiveness. Robotic systems typically include mechanical arms controlled by the surgeon through a console, where a high-definition 3D image of the surgical area is displayed. This allows for finer and more controlled movements compared to traditional surgery. Robotic surgery is characterized by its ability to make smaller incisions, resulting in less postoperative pain, faster recovery, and a lower likelihood of complications. Additionally, robotic technology can improve the ergonomics for the surgeon, reducing fatigue during long procedures. In summary, robotic surgery represents a significant advancement in the medical field, offering an innovative and effective alternative to conventional surgical techniques.
History: Robotic surgery began to develop in the 1980s, with the first robotic system, the ‘PUMA 560’, used in a biopsy in 1985. However, it was in 2000 when the ‘da Vinci’ system from Intuitive Surgical was approved for use in general surgery, marking a milestone in the history of robotic surgery. Since then, the technology has rapidly evolved, incorporating improvements in visualization and precision, as well as the ability to perform more complex procedures.
Uses: Robotic surgery is used in various medical specialties, including urology, gynecology, cardiac surgery, and general surgery. It is particularly effective in procedures that require high precision, such as robotic prostatectomy, hysterectomy, and valve repair. Additionally, its use is being explored in areas such as orthopedic surgery and neurosurgery, expanding its applications in the surgical field.
Examples: A notable example of robotic surgery is robotic prostatectomy, where the da Vinci system is used to remove the prostate with greater precision and less damage to surrounding tissues. Another example is robotic hysterectomy, which allows surgeons to perform the removal of the uterus through minimal incisions, improving patient recovery.
