Description: Scope functions in Kotlin, such as ‘let’, ‘run’, ‘with’, ‘apply’, and ‘also’, are powerful tools that allow for concise and readable manipulation of objects. These functions provide a specific context in which one can operate on an object, facilitating the manipulation of its properties and methods without needing to explicitly reference the object each time. For instance, using ‘let’ allows executing a block of code only if the object is not null, helping to avoid null reference errors. ‘Apply’ and ‘also’ are particularly useful for initializing objects, as they allow setting properties of an object within a code block, enhancing clarity and reducing repetition. These functions not only simplify the code but also improve its readability, which is crucial in modern software development. In summary, scope functions in Kotlin are a distinctive feature that promotes a cleaner and more efficient programming style, enabling developers to write more intuitive and maintainable code.