Description: Trojans are a type of malicious software that deceives users about its true intent, presenting itself as legitimate or useful applications. They often disguise themselves as harmless programs, such as games, productivity tools, or software updates, making it easier for them to be installed on victims’ systems. Once a Trojan infiltrates a device, it can carry out various malicious actions, such as stealing personal information, installing other types of malware, or allowing remote access to an attacker. Unlike viruses and worms, Trojans do not replicate themselves; their spread depends on user interaction, making them particularly dangerous in environments where security awareness is low. Detecting Trojans can be complicated, as they often hide in seemingly harmless files and can disable system security measures. Therefore, it is crucial for users to maintain proper security practices, such as installing antivirus software and regularly updating their operating systems, to protect against these threats.
History: The term ‘trojan’ comes from the famous story of the Trojan War, where the Greeks used a wooden horse to infiltrate the city. In the realm of computing, Trojans began to appear in the 1980s, with the first known Trojan, the ‘PC-Write Trojan’, spreading in 1987. Since then, they have evolved in sophistication and variety, adapting to new technologies and attack methods. Over the years, numerous security incidents related to Trojans have been documented, leading to increased awareness of cybersecurity and the need to protect computer systems.
Uses: Trojans are primarily used to steal confidential information, such as login credentials, banking data, and other personal information. They can also be used to install additional software without the user’s knowledge, such as ransomware or spyware. Additionally, some Trojans allow attackers to take remote control of a device, which can lead to unauthorized access to corporate networks or critical systems.
Examples: A notable example of a Trojan is the ‘Zeus Trojan’, which was used to steal banking information and spread through phishing emails. Another case is ‘Emotet’, which initially started as a banking Trojan and later evolved into a malware distribution platform. These examples illustrate how Trojans can be used in complex and coordinated cyberattacks.
