Description: A variant is a version of a gene or organism that differs from the standard or reference version. In the context of bioinformatics, variants can be changes in the DNA sequence that affect the structure and function of proteins, as well as the phenotypic characteristics of an organism. These differences can result from mutations, insertions, deletions, or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Variants are fundamental to understanding genetic diversity within populations and can have significant implications for health, evolution, and adaptation of organisms. The identification and analysis of variants are performed through DNA sequencing techniques and bioinformatics tools that allow for the comparison of genomic sequences and detection of differences. The characterization of variants is essential in fields such as medical genetics, where specific variants are sought to be associated with hereditary diseases or predisposition to health conditions. Additionally, the study of variants is also crucial in evolutionary research, as it provides insights into how species adapt to their environment over time.
