Description: Zeolites are microporous aluminosilicate minerals characterized by their unique crystalline structure, which gives them exceptional properties such as adsorption capacity and selectivity in capturing molecules. These characteristics make them highly valued in various industrial and environmental applications. Their porous structure allows zeolites to act as molecular sieves, meaning they can separate and retain particles of different sizes and shapes. Additionally, their ability to exchange cations makes them excellent agents in chemical and catalytic processes. In the context of sustainability, zeolites are considered an eco-friendly alternative, as they can be used for water purification, soil enhancement, and capturing pollutant gases. Their versatility and efficiency position them as a key resource in the search for sustainable solutions to current environmental challenges.
History: The term ‘zeolite’ was coined in 1756 by Swedish mineralogist Axel Fredrik Cronstedt, who observed that these minerals released water vapor when heated, leading him to associate them with the Greek word ‘zeo’, meaning to boil, and ‘lithos’, meaning stone. Since then, the study of zeolites has evolved, and in the 20th century, synthetic zeolites began to be produced, expanding their use in various industries.
Uses: Zeolites are used in a variety of applications, including water purification, wastewater treatment, agriculture as soil enhancers, and in the petrochemical industry as catalysts in refining processes. They are also employed in capturing pollutant gases and in detergent production, where they help soften water.
Examples: A practical example of zeolite use is in wastewater treatment, where they are used to remove heavy metals and other pollutants. Another example is their application in agriculture, where they are incorporated into the soil to improve water and nutrient retention, promoting plant growth.
