Description: Athena functions are built-in functions that can be used in SQL queries to perform various operations. These functions allow users to manipulate and analyze data stored in data lakes efficiently and effectively. Athena, an interactive query service from Amazon Web Services (AWS), enables users to run SQL queries directly on data without the need to load the data into a database. Athena functions cover a wide range of operations, including aggregation functions, string functions, date and time functions, and mathematical functions, among others. These functions are essential for data analysis, as they allow users to transform and summarize large volumes of information quickly. Additionally, Athena functions are designed to be intuitive and easy to use, making it easier for data analysts and data scientists to extract valuable insights from their datasets. The ability to use these functions in combination with the flexibility of SQL allows users to perform complex queries and obtain accurate results, making Athena a powerful tool for cloud data analysis.