Description: Bacterial meningitis is an infection of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known as the meninges. This condition is caused by various bacteria, with the most common being Neisseria meningitidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae type b. Bacterial meningitis is characterized by inflammation of these membranes, which can lead to severe symptoms such as high fever, neck stiffness, intense headache, confusion, and in severe cases, seizures or loss of consciousness. The rapid progression of the disease can result in serious complications, including permanent brain damage or death if not treated promptly. The bacteria can be transmitted through respiratory droplets or close contact with an infected person. Bacterial meningitis is more common in young children, adolescents, and young adults, although it can affect people of any age. Prevention includes vaccination against the responsible bacteria, as well as early recognition of symptoms to seek immediate medical attention. Given its severity, bacterial meningitis is considered a medical emergency that requires treatment with antibiotics and, in some cases, corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
