Description: Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) is a statistical technique used to compare the means of multiple groups based on two or more dependent variables simultaneously. Unlike univariate ANOVA, which examines a single dependent variable, MANOVA allows for the assessment of how independent variables affect a set of dependent variables, providing a more comprehensive view of the interactions among them. This technique is particularly useful in situations where the dependent variables are correlated, as it considers the joint variance of the variables, which can yield more robust and meaningful results. MANOVA is based on the premise that differences in group means can be evaluated through the variance and covariance matrix, allowing researchers to identify patterns and relationships that may not be evident when analyzing each variable separately. Its application is common across various disciplines, including psychology, biology, and social sciences, where understanding the complexity of data and interactions among multiple factors is essential.
