Description: Blockchain is a decentralized digital ledger that records transactions across multiple computers in such a way that the recorded transactions cannot be retroactively altered. This system is based on a data structure that groups transactions into blocks, which are securely chained together using cryptography. Each block contains a set of transactions, a timestamp, and a hash of the previous block, ensuring the integrity of the information. Decentralization is one of its most notable features, as it eliminates the need for a central intermediary, allowing network participants to collaboratively validate and verify transactions. This not only increases transparency but also reduces the risk of fraud and manipulation. Additionally, blockchain is resistant to cyber attacks, as altering a block would require an attacker to modify all subsequent blocks and gain control of more than 50% of the network, which is extremely difficult. Its ability to provide an immutable and secure record has led to its adoption across various industries, from finance to supply chain management, making it a key technology in the digital age.
History: Blockchain technology was first introduced in 2008 by a person or group using the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto, who published a technical document describing how Bitcoin, the first cryptocurrency, worked. Since then, blockchain has evolved, leading to various applications beyond cryptocurrencies, such as smart contracts and voting systems. In 2015, Ethereum, a platform that allows the creation of decentralized applications, further popularized the use of blockchain.
Uses: Blockchain is used in various applications, including cryptocurrencies, smart contracts, supply chain management, electronic voting, and secure data storage. Its ability to provide an immutable and transparent record makes it ideal for any system that requires trust and verification.
Examples: An example of blockchain use is Bitcoin, which enables financial transactions without intermediaries. Another example is Ethereum, which allows the creation of smart contracts that automatically execute when certain conditions are met. Additionally, companies like IBM are using blockchain to track products in the supply chain.
