Description: E-governance refers to the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) to improve governance and public administration. This concept encompasses a wide range of digital tools and platforms that facilitate interaction between governments and citizens, promoting transparency, efficiency, and citizen participation. E-governance not only involves the digitization of government services but also the creation of an environment where information flows freely and where citizens can actively engage in decision-making processes. Key features include accessibility, interactivity, and the ability to provide personalized services. The relevance of e-governance lies in its potential to transform the relationship between the state and society, making public administration more responsive and accountable to citizens’ needs. Additionally, by facilitating access to information and services, e-governance helps reduce corruption and strengthen democracy by empowering citizens and encouraging their participation in public life.
History: The concept of e-governance began to take shape in the 1990s when governments started exploring the use of the Internet to improve communication and service delivery. In 1998, the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) published a report highlighting the importance of ICT in governance. Over the years, many countries have implemented e-governance initiatives, such as e-government in Estonia, which is considered one of the most advanced models worldwide. The evolution of e-governance has been marked by the development of digital platforms and mobile applications that allow citizens to interact with their governments more effectively.
Uses: E-governance is used in various areas, including public service delivery, data management, and citizen participation. Governments can offer online services such as tax filing, license applications, and public information inquiries. Additionally, e-governance platforms allow for data collection for informed decision-making and policy improvement. They are also used to encourage citizen participation through online surveys, discussion forums, and electronic voting platforms.
Examples: A notable example of e-governance is Estonia’s e-Residency system, which allows citizens from around the world to access digital services from the Estonian government. Another case is the use of citizen participation platforms in cities like Barcelona, where citizens can propose and vote on public investment projects. Additionally, many countries have implemented e-government portals that centralize access to government services and resources, such as the GOV.UK portal in the United Kingdom.
