Description: Elder is a shrub or small tree belonging to the genus Sambucus, known for its white flowers and dark berries. This plant can reach up to 10 meters in height and is commonly found in temperate regions of Europe, Asia, and North America. The elderflowers are small and clustered in inflorescences, while its fruits, which are berries, are black or dark purple and are highly valued for their flavor. Elder is not only appreciated for its aesthetic beauty but also for its ecological importance, as it attracts various pollinator species, such as bees and butterflies. Additionally, its leaves are a deep green and can be used in traditional medicine. In many cultures, elder has been considered a symbol of protection and is attributed with magical properties. Its presence in gardens and landscapes not only beautifies the environment but also contributes to local biodiversity, making elder a plant of great relevance in both nature and human culture.
History: Elder has been used by various cultures throughout history. In ancient times, the Greeks and Romans considered it sacred and used it in rituals. During the Middle Ages, it was believed that elder had magical properties and was planted near homes to protect inhabitants from evil spirits. In folk medicine, its flowers and berries have been used to treat various ailments, from colds to digestive issues.
Uses: Elderberries are commonly used to make syrups, jams, and wines due to their sweet and slightly tart flavor. Additionally, the flowers can be used to prepare infusions and refreshing drinks. In traditional medicine, they have been employed to relieve symptoms of colds, fever, and allergies. They are also used in cosmetics for their antioxidant properties.
Examples: A practical example of elder’s use is the preparation of elderberry syrup, which is used as a natural remedy to relieve cold symptoms. Elderflower wines can also be found in some regions, appreciated for their unique flavor. In gastronomy, elderflowers are used to make fritters or as an ingredient in desserts.
