Description: Endorphins are a group of hormones produced by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland in response to pain and stress. These biochemical substances act as neurotransmitters, transmitting signals between neurons and modulating pain perception, as well as generating feelings of pleasure and well-being. Their name comes from the combination of ‘endogenous’ (produced internally) and ‘morphine’, due to their ability to relieve pain similarly to opioids. Endorphins are fundamental in regulating mood, stress, and emotional response, and their release can be stimulated by various activities such as physical exercise, laughter, meditation, and social interaction. Additionally, endorphins have been shown to play an important role in immune response and appetite regulation, making them an essential component for overall well-being. Their relevance in mental and physical health has led to a growing interest in research on how their effects can be enhanced through different practices and lifestyles.
History: The term ‘endorphins’ was coined in 1975 by researchers John Hughes and Hans Kosterlitz, who discovered that the human brain produces morphine-like substances that act as natural pain relievers. This finding was crucial for understanding the body’s pain control system and opened new avenues for research in neuroscience and pharmacology. Over the years, several types of endorphins have been identified, such as beta-endorphins, which are the most studied and are associated with pain reduction and feelings of euphoria.
Uses: Endorphins are studied in various areas of health and well-being. In medicine, their effects are investigated in the treatment of chronic pain and mood disorders such as depression and anxiety. Additionally, physical activity is promoted as a way to increase endorphin release, contributing to improved mood and quality of life. They are also explored in alternative therapies, such as acupuncture and meditation, which aim to stimulate the natural production of these hormones.
Examples: A practical example of the effect of endorphins is the ‘runner’s high’, a feeling of well-being experienced by many people after intense exercise. Another case is the use of laughter as therapy, where it has been shown that laughing can increase endorphin release, improving mood and reducing stress. Additionally, it has been observed that practicing yoga and meditation can also elevate endorphin levels, promoting a sense of peace and well-being.
