Description: Environmental sensors are devices that detect and measure various conditions in the environment, such as temperature, humidity, air quality, atmospheric pressure, and light levels. These sensors are fundamental in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT), as they enable real-time data collection that can be analyzed and used to make informed decisions. Their operation is based on converting physical variables into electrical signals that can be processed by computational systems. The connectivity of these sensors to the internet allows them to send data to cloud platforms, where it can be stored, analyzed, and visualized. This not only facilitates the monitoring of environmental conditions but also enables the automation of processes and the implementation of smart solutions in various applications, from resource management in buildings to precision agriculture. The relevance of environmental sensors lies in their ability to contribute to sustainability, improve quality of life, and optimize resource use, making them an essential tool in today’s digital age.
History: Environmental sensors have their roots in the evolution of measurement and monitoring technology. Since the 19th century, instruments have been developed to measure variables such as temperature and atmospheric pressure. However, the integration of these sensors into connected networks began to take shape in the 1990s with the emergence of the Internet of Things. As microelectronics technology advanced, smaller and more efficient sensors became possible, facilitating their implementation in various applications.
Uses: Environmental sensors are used in a wide range of applications, including monitoring air quality in urban environments, controlling climatic conditions in greenhouses, managing smart buildings, and precision agriculture. They are also essential in early warning systems for natural disasters, such as floods or wildfires, by providing real-time data that enables a rapid response.
Examples: An example of an environmental sensor is the air quality sensor that measures pollutants such as carbon dioxide and particulate matter. These sensors are used in cities to monitor pollution and help authorities make decisions about environmental policies. Another example is the soil moisture sensor, which is used in agriculture to optimize irrigation and improve water use efficiency.
