Description: The execution stack is a fundamental data structure in programming used to store information about the active subroutines of a computer program. Each time a function is invoked, a stack frame is created that contains relevant information such as input parameters, local variables, and the return address. This structure follows the LIFO (Last In, First Out) principle, meaning the last frame added is the first to be removed. The execution stack is crucial for managing the control flow in a program, as it allows the CPU to keep track of the functions being executed and return to the previous function once the current function completes execution. Additionally, the execution stack helps manage recursion, allowing a function to call itself multiple times, each time with its own stack frame. In many programming languages, the execution stack is used to manage the execution context of functions, which is essential for event handling and asynchronous execution. Proper management of the execution stack is vital to avoid errors like stack overflow, which can occur if the memory limit assigned to the stack is exceeded.
