Description: The global supply chain refers to an interconnected system that spans multiple countries and regions, integrating global resources for the production and distribution of goods and services. This concept has become fundamental in the era of Industry 4.0, where digitalization and automation are transforming how companies operate. In this context, the global supply chain includes not only logistics and transportation but also data management, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of Things (IoT), which enable greater visibility and efficiency at every stage of the process. Companies can optimize their operations by better coordinating production, storage, and delivery, resulting in cost reductions and increased customer satisfaction. Additionally, sustainability has become a crucial aspect as organizations seek to minimize their carbon footprint and adopt responsible practices throughout their supply chain. In summary, the global supply chain in Industry 4.0 represents an evolution towards a more integrated and efficient approach, where technology plays a key role in creating value and competitiveness in the global market.
History: The concept of supply chain began to take shape in the 1980s when companies started to recognize the importance of logistics and production management in a global context. With globalization and technological advancements, especially in the 1990s, supply chains became more complex and expanded internationally. The advent of Industry 4.0, starting in 2011, marked a milestone in this evolution, integrating digital technologies that enable greater connectivity and efficiency in supply chain management.
Uses: Global supply chains are used in various industries, including manufacturing, technology, food, and fashion. They allow companies to manage their resources more efficiently, optimize production, and reduce costs. Additionally, they facilitate collaboration among different actors in the chain, from suppliers to distributors, improving communication and transparency.
Examples: An example of a global supply chain is that of companies like Apple, which source components from different parts of the world, assemble their products in countries like China, and distribute globally. Another case is that of the automotive industry, where manufacturers like Toyota use suppliers from various regions to obtain parts and assemble vehicles in different plants around the world.
