Description: Global variables in programming are those defined in a global scope and are accessible from anywhere in the script, regardless of their location. This means that, unlike local variables, which can only be used within the function or block where they are declared, global variables can be read and modified anywhere in the code. This feature is especially useful in large applications where information needs to be shared between different functions or files. However, excessive use of global variables can lead to less maintainable code and more prone to errors, as any part of the script can modify its value. Therefore, it is advisable to use them sparingly and consider alternatives such as passing parameters or using classes and objects to encapsulate data. In many programming languages, to access a global variable within a function, a specific keyword or syntax must be used to indicate that the variable defined in the global scope is to be referenced. This makes the code clearer and helps avoid naming conflicts between local and global variables.
