Description: The design of humanoid robots refers to the process of creating machines that mimic the form and function of human beings. These robots are designed to replicate physical characteristics, such as body structure, mobility, and social interaction, as well as cognitive functions that allow them to perform complex tasks. The relevance of this field lies in its potential to enhance interaction between humans and machines, facilitating the integration of robots into everyday environments. Humanoid robots can be used in various applications, from home assistance to education and entertainment. Their design involves a combination of mechanical engineering, electronics, and advanced programming, enabling these robots not only to move but also to recognize and respond to stimuli from their environment. As technology advances, the design of humanoid robots becomes increasingly sophisticated, incorporating artificial intelligence and machine learning to improve their adaptability and responsiveness. This multidisciplinary approach aims not only to create functional machines but also to enable them to interact naturally with humans, raising interesting ethical and social challenges in their implementation.
History: The concept of humanoid robots dates back to antiquity, with myths and legends about automatons that mimic humans. However, real development began in the 20th century with the creation of the first mechanical robots. In 1956, scientist George Devol patented the first industrial robot, Unimate, which laid the groundwork for modern robotics. In the 1970s, significant advancements were made in robotics, and in 1986, the humanoid robot Wabot-1 was developed in Japan, marking a milestone in the history of humanoid robots. Since then, technology has rapidly evolved, with milestones such as Honda’s ASIMO in 2000 and Hanson Robotics’ Sophia in 2016, which have demonstrated advanced social interaction capabilities.
Uses: Humanoid robots have multiple applications across various fields. In customer service, they are used in receptions and events to interact with visitors. In education, they can serve as tutors or assistants in classrooms, facilitating interactive learning. In the healthcare sector, some humanoid robots assist the elderly or people with disabilities, providing companionship and help with daily tasks. Additionally, they are used in research and development of artificial intelligence, allowing scientists to study human-robot interaction and improve technology.
Examples: Examples of humanoid robots include Honda’s ASIMO, known for its ability to walk, run, and climb stairs, and Sophia from Hanson Robotics, designed to interact with humans naturally and has participated in interviews and conferences. Another example is Pepper, a robot developed by SoftBank Robotics, designed to recognize emotions and respond to them, being used in commercial and educational settings.
