Description: IndexOutOfBoundsException is an exception in Java that is thrown when a program attempts to access an index that is outside the allowed range of a collection, such as an array or a list. This exception is part of the Java exception hierarchy and derives from the RuntimeException class, meaning it is an unchecked exception. Its purpose is to help developers identify errors in index handling, which can lead to unexpected behavior or program crashes. IndexOutOfBoundsException commonly occurs in situations where an attempt is made to access an element in a data structure using a negative index or an index that exceeds the size of the collection. For example, if there is an array of size 5, valid indices are from 0 to 4. Attempting to access index 5 or -1 will generate this exception. Early detection of this exception is crucial for debugging and developing robust software, as it allows programmers to correct errors before the program runs in any environment.
Examples: An example of IndexOutOfBoundsException is the following: if there is an array called ‘numbers’ with 5 elements and an attempt is made to access ‘numbers[5]’, this exception will be thrown. Another common case is when working with lists, for example, trying to get an element from a list with ‘myList.get(10)’ if the list has fewer than 11 elements. These errors are common in programming and can be avoided by validating indices before accessing collections.
