Description: Inherent risk refers to the level of risk that exists in a system or process in the absence of controls or mitigation measures. This concept is fundamental in risk management as it allows for the identification and evaluation of potential hazards that may affect an organization or project. In the context of ethics and bias in artificial intelligence (AI), inherent risk can manifest in how algorithms are designed and trained, potentially leading to biased or unfair decisions. In vulnerability analysis, it refers to weaknesses that can be exploited without the implementation of adequate security measures. Regarding data anonymization, inherent risk relates to the possibility that sensitive information could be re-identified if anonymization techniques are not properly applied. Understanding inherent risk is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies and ensuring that systems are secure, ethical, and fair.