Description: Input layer normalization is a technique used to adjust and scale the inputs to a neural network, ensuring that each feature has a similar distribution. This process is fundamental for improving the model’s convergence during training, as it helps mitigate issues related to the scale of the data. By normalizing the inputs, the goal is to have each feature with a mean close to zero and a standard deviation of one, allowing the optimization algorithm to function more efficiently. This technique is commonly implemented in deep learning models, where differences in feature scale can lead to inefficient learning and suboptimal performance. Input layer normalization not only improves training speed but can also contribute to better model generalization, reducing the risk of overfitting. In the context of machine learning frameworks, this technique can be applied using specific layers that allow for the normalization of input data, seamlessly integrating into the workflow of building and training models.