Description: An IoT sensor (Internet of Things) is a device that collects data from the environment and communicates it over the internet. These sensors are fundamental in the architecture of IoT, as they enable the connection and interaction between the physical and digital worlds. Their design can vary from simple devices measuring temperature or humidity to complex systems monitoring multiple variables in real-time. IoT sensors are equipped with communication technologies that allow them to send and receive data, facilitating automation and remote control of devices. The ability to collect real-time data and send it to cloud platforms for analysis is what makes them so valuable in various applications, from resource management to health and safety. In summary, IoT sensors are the gateway to an interconnected world where information becomes a key resource for decision-making and process optimization.
History: The concept of IoT sensors began to take shape in the 1990s when the term ‘Internet of Things’ was coined by Kevin Ashton in 1999. However, sensors themselves have existed long before, used in various industrial and scientific applications. With advancements in communication technology and the miniaturization of components, sensors became more accessible and versatile. As internet connectivity expanded, especially with the advent of broadband and wireless technology, IoT sensors began to proliferate in the market, driving the development of applications in areas such as smart technology, intelligent agriculture, and connected health.
Uses: IoT sensors have a wide range of applications across various sectors. In agriculture, they are used to monitor soil and weather conditions, optimizing irrigation and fertilizer use. In healthcare, they enable patient monitoring through wearable devices that collect biometric data. In industry, IoT sensors are essential for predictive maintenance of machinery, helping to prevent failures and optimize production. Additionally, in homes, they are used in automation systems to control lighting, temperature, and security.
Examples: A practical example of an IoT sensor is the DHT11 temperature and humidity sensor, which is used in home automation projects to control heating and cooling systems. Another example is the air quality sensor employed in smart cities to monitor pollution and improve citizens’ quality of life. In healthcare, blood glucose monitoring devices are a clear example of how IoT sensors can enhance medical care by allowing constant tracking of glucose levels.
