Description: The term ‘low carbon’ refers to processes, products, or technologies that emit low levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) compared to their conventional alternatives. This concept is fundamental in the context of sustainability and the fight against climate change, as it aims to reduce the carbon footprint of various human activities. The main characteristics of low carbon solutions include energy efficiency, the use of renewable energy sources, and the implementation of practices that minimize environmental impact. The relevance of this approach lies in its ability to contribute to the mitigation of global warming, promoting more sustainable and responsible development. As concerns about climate change have increased, interest in low carbon technologies and practices has grown, becoming an essential pillar for governments, businesses, and citizens seeking a cleaner and more sustainable future.
History: The concept of low carbon began to gain attention in the 1990s, when the effects of climate change and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions started to be recognized. In 1992, the Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro marked an important milestone by establishing Agenda 21, a plan of action to promote sustainable development. Since then, numerous international agreements, such as the Kyoto Protocol in 1997 and the Paris Agreement in 2015, have driven low carbon policies and technologies globally.
Uses: Low carbon technologies are utilized across various sectors, including energy generation, transportation, construction, and agriculture. In energy generation, the use of renewable sources such as solar and wind, which emit little or no CO2, is promoted. In transportation, electric vehicles and more efficient public transport systems are being developed. In construction, sustainable design techniques and low-impact materials are implemented. In agriculture, practices that reduce emissions, such as conservation agriculture, are adopted.
Examples: Examples of low carbon initiatives include the installation of solar panels on buildings, the use of wind turbines for electricity generation, and the implementation of electric public transport systems in cities. Additionally, many companies are adopting cleaner production practices, such as the circular economy, which aims to minimize waste and maximize resource reuse.
