Description: A magnetoencephalography (MEG) device is a portable equipment designed to measure the magnetic fields generated by neural activity in the brain. This type of technology is based on the principle that neurons, when activated, produce electrical currents that in turn generate magnetic fields. MEG devices are highly sensitive and allow for the detection of these magnetic fields with great precision, making them valuable tools for neurological and clinical research. Unlike other brain imaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), MEG offers exceptional temporal resolution, enabling researchers to observe brain activity in milliseconds. Additionally, its portable design facilitates use in various clinical and research settings, expanding its accessibility and application. The ability to perform non-invasive, real-time measurements makes MEG devices essential for better understanding the dynamics of the human brain and its functions. In summary, magnetoencephalography devices represent a significant advancement in neuroscience, providing crucial information about brain activity and its relationship to various cognitive functions and neurological disorders.
History: Magnetoencephalography was developed in the 1970s, with the first experiments conducted by Japanese physicist David Cohen, who managed to record the magnetic fields generated by brain activity. Since then, the technology has significantly evolved, improving the sensitivity and resolution of the devices. In 1980, the first commercial MEG systems were established, allowing for their use in clinical and research settings. Over the years, MEG has been used to study various neurological conditions as well as to investigate brain function in specific cognitive tasks.
Uses: Magnetoencephalography devices are primarily used in neurological research and clinical practice. Clinically, they are employed to locate areas of the brain responsible for specific functions before performing surgeries, as well as to diagnose neurological disorders such as epilepsy. In research, MEG is used to study brain dynamics during cognitive tasks, exploring how the brain processes information, makes decisions, and responds to external stimuli.
Examples: An example of the use of MEG devices is in surgical planning for epilepsy patients, where the areas of the brain generating seizures are located. Another practical case is the study of visual perception, where MEG has been used to observe how the brain responds to different visual stimuli in real time.
