Description: Mammography is a specific X-ray examination for the breast, designed to detect abnormalities such as tumors in breast tissue. This procedure is performed using a mammography machine that compresses the breast between two plates to obtain clear and detailed images. Mammography is essential in the early detection of breast cancer, as it allows for the identification of lesions that may not be palpable during a physical examination. The images obtained are analyzed for signs of cancer, calcifications, or cysts. This examination is a crucial tool in women’s health, as it can help save lives by facilitating early diagnosis and timely treatment. Mammography is generally recommended for women starting at age 40, although it may be indicated earlier in cases of family history of breast cancer. The technique has evolved over time, incorporating digital technologies that improve image quality and reduce radiation exposure. In summary, mammography is an essential procedure in radiology that plays a vital role in the prevention and detection of breast cancer.
History: Mammography began to develop in the 1960s when the first X-ray machines specific to breast tissue were introduced. In 1969, Dr. Robert Egan pioneered the mammography technique, establishing protocols that improved breast cancer detection. Over the years, technology has advanced from analog to digital mammography, allowing for better image quality and reduced radiation dose. By 1990, mammography became a standard of care for early breast cancer detection, and since then, screening programs have been implemented in many countries.
Uses: Mammography is primarily used for the early detection of breast cancer. It is recommended as part of routine examinations for women starting at age 40, although it may be indicated earlier in women with a family history of breast cancer. Additionally, it is used to evaluate abnormalities detected during physical exams or other imaging tests, such as ultrasounds. It can also be useful in monitoring patients who have been treated for breast cancer to detect recurrences.
Examples: A practical example of mammography is the breast cancer screening program conducted in many hospitals, where women are invited to undergo annual mammograms. Another case is the use of digital mammography in specialized clinics, which allows for clearer visualization and more accurate analysis of the obtained images.
