Description: Mediation analysis is a statistical method that helps understand how an independent variable affects a dependent variable through a mediating variable. This approach is fundamental in social and psychological research, as it helps unravel the underlying mechanisms that explain relationships between variables. Essentially, mediation analysis seeks to answer the ‘how?’ question rather than just the ‘what?’. To conduct this analysis, a significant relationship between the variables must be established, where the mediating variable acts as a bridge that transmits the effect of the independent variable to the dependent one. This method relies on statistical models that may include linear regressions and path analysis, allowing researchers to evaluate the magnitude and direction of effects. Identifying mediators is crucial for theory development and effective intervention formulation, as it provides insights into the processes underlying observed relationships. In summary, mediation analysis not only enriches the understanding of dynamics between variables but also offers a framework for applied research across various disciplines.
