Description: A Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is a type of wireless network that spontaneously forms without a fixed infrastructure. These networks are dynamic and are characterized by the ability of mobile devices to communicate directly with each other, without the need for a central access point. Each node in a MANET acts both as a host and a router, allowing data to be transmitted from one device to another through multiple hops. This feature is crucial as it enables the network to adapt to changes in topology, such as the mobility of nodes or the appearance and disappearance of devices. MANETs are particularly useful in situations where traditional network infrastructure is unavailable or impractical, such as in disaster environments, military operations, or large events. The flexibility and self-configuration capability of these networks make them an ideal solution for applications requiring rapid and efficient communication between mobile devices in motion.
History: The concept of ad hoc networks began to develop in the 1970s, but it was in the 1990s that the term MANET was formalized. Researchers played a crucial role in creating specific routing protocols for these networks, such as AODV (Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector) and DSR (Dynamic Source Routing). These protocols enabled efficient communication between mobile nodes, laying the groundwork for the use of MANETs in various applications.
Uses: MANETs are used in a variety of applications, including communications in emergency situations, sensor networks, and in military environments where network infrastructure may be limited or nonexistent. They are also useful in conferences and events where attendees may need to connect with each other without relying on a fixed network.
Examples: A practical example of a MANET is the use of drones in search and rescue operations, where drones can communicate with each other to coordinate their efforts without relying on a centralized network. Another example is in sporting events, where attendees’ mobile devices can form a temporary network to share information and coordinate activities.
