Description: Molecular evolution refers to the process of change in the genetic composition of organisms over time, focusing on variations at the gene and protein levels. This phenomenon is fundamental to understanding how species adapt to their environment and how new traits arise through mutations, recombinations, and other genetic mechanisms. Molecular evolution is based on the premise that variations in DNA can influence the structure and function of proteins, which in turn can affect the physiology and behavior of an organism. This process is driven by natural selection, where more favorable variants tend to be preserved and passed on to future generations. Furthermore, molecular evolution provides a framework for studying the relationship between different species, allowing scientists to trace evolutionary history and connections between organisms through phylogenetic analyses. Today, bioinformatics plays a crucial role in molecular evolution, as it enables the analysis of large volumes of genomic and proteomic data, facilitating the identification of evolutionary patterns and the understanding of biological diversity.
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