Description: Multivalue databases allow multiple values to be stored in a single field, distinguishing them from traditional relational databases where each field is designed to contain a single value. This type of database is particularly useful for handling complex and structured data, where a single attribute may have multiple instances. For example, instead of having to create multiple columns to store different phone numbers for the same contact, a multivalue database can store all those numbers in a single field. Multivalue databases are flexible and can adapt to various storage needs, allowing for a more natural representation of certain types of data. Additionally, they facilitate data querying and manipulation, as users can access all values associated with a specific field without needing to perform multiple joins or complex queries. This approach can also improve efficiency in terms of storage and performance, as it reduces data redundancy and optimizes the database structure. In summary, multivalue databases are a powerful solution for managing rich and complex information, offering an alternative to more rigid and structured data models.
History: Multivalue databases have their roots in the 1960s when database management systems were developed that allowed for more flexible data storage than traditional relational models. One of the earliest multivalue systems was the Pick data model, created in 1970, which introduced the idea of storing multiple values in a single field. Over the years, several multivalue database systems have evolved, which have expanded the capabilities and use of this type of storage. In the 1980s, multivalue databases began to gain popularity in business applications, especially in sectors like accounting and customer relationship management, where the complexity of data required a more flexible approach.
Uses: Multivalue databases are used in various applications where complex and structured data storage is required. They are especially common in customer relationship management (CRM) systems, where a customer may have multiple addresses, phone numbers, and associated contacts. They are also used in accounting applications, where transactions may involve multiple items and details. Additionally, they are useful in the healthcare field, where a patient may have multiple diagnoses, treatments, and medications associated. Overall, any application that requires a rich and flexible representation of data can benefit from the use of multivalue databases.
Examples: An example of a multivalue database is the Pick system, which allows users to store multiple values in a single field, facilitating the management of complex data. Another example is UniVerse, which is used in business applications to efficiently handle customer information and transactions. In the healthcare field, systems like MUMPS (Massachusetts General Hospital Utility Multi-Programming System) use multivalue databases to manage medical records, where a patient may have multiple visits, diagnoses, and treatments recorded in a single data set.
