Description: Narrowband IoT is a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology designed for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. This technology enables the connection of devices that need to transmit small amounts of data over long distances while using minimal energy. Unlike traditional networks, narrowband IoT focuses on efficiency and coverage, making it ideal for industrial and urban environments where connectivity can be a challenge. Key features include the ability to support thousands of devices in a single cell, data transmission over sub-GHz frequencies, and the capability to operate in adverse conditions. Its relevance lies in the growing need for connectivity solutions that facilitate automation and real-time monitoring, fundamental aspects of Industry 4.0. In this context, narrowband IoT becomes a key enabler for the digitalization of industrial processes, allowing for efficient data collection and communication between machines.
History: The concept of narrowband IoT began to take shape in the early 2010s when the need for a technology that could connect low-power devices over wide areas was identified. In 2016, the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) standardized the technology as NB-IoT, enabling its widespread adoption across various applications. Since then, it has rapidly evolved, driven by the demand for IoT solutions in sectors such as agriculture, healthcare, and smart city management.
Uses: Narrowband IoT is used in a variety of applications, including asset monitoring, environmental management, supply chain tracking, and precision agriculture. Its ability to operate in challenging environments and low energy consumption makes it ideal for devices that require long battery life and constant connectivity.
Examples: Concrete examples of narrowband IoT include temperature sensors in agriculture that send data about soil conditions, smart water meters that report real-time consumption, and asset tracking devices that allow companies to locate their products in the supply chain.
