Description: The ‘Null Object’ is a design pattern used to safely represent a null value in programming, especially in object-oriented languages. This pattern helps avoid the use of null pointers, which can lead to runtime errors and unexpected behaviors in software. Instead of using a pointer that may not point to a valid object, the Null Object provides an instance of an object that fulfills the expected interface but does not perform any significant action. This allows the code using this object to avoid constantly checking if the pointer is null, simplifying logic and improving code readability. Additionally, using a Null Object can facilitate the implementation of design patterns such as the strategy pattern or the command pattern, where objects implementing certain interfaces are expected to be passed. In summary, the Null Object is a technique that promotes cleaner and more robust design, minimizing the risk of errors related to null pointer manipulation and improving code maintainability.