Description: An operational database is a system specifically designed to manage dynamic data and support transaction processing. These databases are fundamental in the business environment as they allow for the real-time capture, storage, and retrieval of data. Unlike analytical databases, which focus on analyzing large volumes of historical data, operational databases are optimized for performing fast and efficient operations such as inserting, updating, and deleting records. Their structure is usually relational, meaning that data is organized into interrelated tables, facilitating data integrity and consistency. Additionally, they often implement concurrency control and transaction mechanisms to ensure that multiple users can access and modify data simultaneously without conflicts. The relevance of operational databases lies in their ability to support the daily operations of an organization, from inventory management to order processing, making them an essential component of modern technological infrastructure.
History: Operational databases began to develop in the 1960s with the introduction of database management systems (DBMS) such as the hierarchical model and the network model. However, it was with the arrival of the relational model in 1970, proposed by Edgar F. Codd, that the foundations for modern operational databases were established. Over the decades, technology has evolved, incorporating improvements in performance, scalability, and security, allowing for their adoption across various sectors.
Uses: Operational databases are primarily used in applications that require fast and efficient access to real-time data. This includes various systems such as customer relationship management (CRM) systems, inventory management systems, e-commerce platforms, and online transaction processing (OLTP) systems. Their ability to handle multiple transactions simultaneously makes them ideal for dynamic business environments.
Examples: Examples of operational databases include Oracle Database, Microsoft SQL Server, and MySQL. These platforms are widely used in various organizations to manage transactional and operational data, ensuring the integrity and availability of information in real-time.
