Description: An optimization model is a mathematical approach that seeks to maximize or minimize a particular objective, subject to certain constraints. These models are fundamental in various disciplines, including artificial intelligence and operations research, where they are used to enhance the performance of algorithms and systems. In the context of federated learning, optimization models enable collaboration among multiple devices or entities, optimizing learning without the need to share sensitive data. Model optimization is crucial for tuning parameters and improving prediction accuracy. In the realm of AutoML, optimization models are employed to automate the process of model selection and tuning, facilitating the implementation of artificial intelligence solutions. Tools like data analytics platforms use optimization models to analyze large volumes of data and extract valuable insights, allowing organizations to make informed decisions. In summary, optimization models are powerful tools that enable the efficient tackling of complex problems, enhancing the effectiveness of various technological applications.