Description: Organic farming is a method of cultivation that is based on sustainable and environmentally friendly practices, avoiding the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. This approach focuses on using natural processes to improve soil health, biodiversity, and the agricultural ecosystem as a whole. Organic farming promotes crop rotation, the use of organic fertilizers, and biological pest control, contributing to the production of healthier and more nutritious food. Additionally, this type of farming aims to minimize environmental impact, promoting the conservation of natural resources and reducing pollution. Organic certification is a key aspect, as it ensures that products meet specific standards that guarantee their production without synthetic chemicals. In an increasingly health- and environmentally-conscious world, organic farming has gained popularity, not only among consumers but also among farmers seeking more sustainable and profitable long-term practices.
History: Organic farming has its roots in traditional agricultural practices that date back thousands of years. However, the term ‘organic farming’ began to be used in the 20th century, particularly in the 1940s, when agronomists like Sir Albert Howard and J.I. Rodale promoted farming methods that avoided the use of synthetic chemicals. In 1972, the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM) was founded, establishing international standards for organic farming. Since then, there has been significant growth in the adoption of organic practices worldwide, driven by increased awareness of health and environmental issues.
Uses: Organic farming is primarily used for food production, including fruits, vegetables, grains, and dairy products. It is also applied in the production of fibers like organic cotton and in the raising of animals under organic standards. Additionally, it is used in the restoration of degraded soils and in the conservation of agricultural biodiversity. Organic practices are increasingly common in urban gardens and community gardens, where the goal is to grow food sustainably.
Examples: Examples of organic farming include the production of organic tomatoes grown without synthetic pesticides, the raising of chickens fed organic grains, and the production of organic wine that uses environmentally friendly cultivation techniques. In many countries, farmers’ markets offer fresh organic products, allowing consumers to access sustainably grown food.
