Description: Paresthesia is an abnormal sensation of the skin that manifests as tingling, prickling, burning, or numbness. These sensations can be temporary or chronic and often occur in the extremities, although they can also present in other parts of the body. Paresthesia can be triggered by various causes, including nerve compression, circulatory disorders, injuries, or medical conditions such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis. It is often described as a sensation similar to that experienced when a part of the body is ‘asleep’ and begins to regain circulation. Although paresthesia itself is not a disease, it can be a symptom of an underlying problem that requires medical attention. The duration and intensity of paresthesia can vary, and in some cases, it may be accompanied by other symptoms such as muscle weakness or loss of coordination. It is important for individuals experiencing persistent or recurrent paresthesia to consult a healthcare professional to determine the cause and receive appropriate treatment.
History: The term ‘paresthesia’ comes from Greek, where ‘para’ means ‘beside’ or ‘beyond’, and ‘aisthesis’ means ‘sensation’. Its use in medicine dates back to the 19th century when neurological conditions and their symptoms began to be studied more thoroughly. Over the years, the understanding of paresthesia has evolved, especially with advancements in neurology and neuroscience, which have allowed for the identification of various causes and mechanisms behind these abnormal sensations.
Uses: Paresthesia is used in the medical field to describe a range of symptoms that may indicate neurological or circulatory problems. It is a commonly employed term in diagnoses related to neuropathies, nerve injuries, and metabolic disorders. Additionally, it is used in the evaluation of conditions such as carpal tunnel syndrome, multiple sclerosis, and diabetes, where identifying paresthesia can be crucial for appropriate treatment.
Examples: An example of paresthesia is the tingling sensation experienced when sitting in an uncomfortable position for a long time, which can cause compression on the nerves in the legs. Another case is that of diabetic patients who may experience paresthesia in their feet due to diabetic neuropathy, where the nerves are affected by elevated blood glucose levels.
